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Biophysical Journal 10: 323-344 (1970)
© 1970 the Biophysical Society

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The Hyperpolarizing Region of the Current-Voltage Curve in Frog Skin

Oscar A. Candia

ABSTRACT

Excitability (action potential and refractory period) has been described by A. Finkelstein in the depolarizing region of the current-voltage (I-V) curve of the isolated frog skin. Recently Fishman and Macey interpreted this phenomenon as a consequence of a region with negative resistance that confers to the I-V curve an N shape. We have studied the I-V relation of the isolated frog skin in the hyperpolarizing region with a current-ramp system. It was found that in Na2SO4 Ringer's, the resistance continuously increases in the hyperpolarizing direction. When hyperpolarization reaches 300 mv an electrical breakdown occurs, occasionally followed by a region of negative resistance. In NaCl Ringer's the breakdown was also found although the I-V relation was reasonably linear. Unidirectional Na+ outflux was measured at different levels of voltage clamping across the skin and with different Na+ concentrations in the solutions. The Na+ outflux was found to be relatively independent of these parameters. Based on these results a Na+ rectifying structure is postulated. An electrical model for active Na+ transport including a diode and an oscillator is proposed. The effects of CO2, nitrogen, amiloride, and ouabain on the I-V relation are described.




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S. I. Helman and D. A. Miller
In vitro Techniques for Avoiding Edge Damage in Studies of Frog Skin
Science, July 9, 1971; 173(3992): 146 - 148.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1970 by the Biophysical Society.