Biophysical Journal 63: 180-190 (1992)
© 1992 the Biophysical Society

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Electrorotation and levitation of cells and colloidal particles

Kenneth R. Foster ^*, Friedrich A. Sauer  and Herman P. Schwan  ^*

Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6392 USA
Max Planck Institut fur Biophysik, D-6000 Frankfurt a.M., Germany

ABSTRACT

We review dielectrophoretic forces on cells and colloidal particles, emphasizing their use for manipulating and characterizing the electrical properties of suspended particles. Compared with dielectric spectroscopy, these methods offer a measure of independence from electrode artifacts and mixture theory. On the assumption that the particles can be modeled as uniform dielectric objects with effective dielectric properties, a simple theory can be developed for the frequency variation in the field-induced forces. For particles exhibiting counterion polarization, dielectrophoretic forces differ considerably from predictions of this theory at low frequencies, apparently because of double layer phenomena.

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