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Biophysical Journal 67: 1179-1186 (1994)
© 1994 the Biophysical Society

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The bacteriorhodopsin photocycle: direct structural study of two substrates of the M-intermediate.

B G Han, J Vonck and R M Glaeser

Graduate Group in Biophysics, Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720.

ABSTRACT

Changes in protein structure that occur during the formation of the M photointermediate of bacteriorhodopsin can be directly visualized by electron diffraction techniques. A modified preparation technique for glucose-embedded crystals was employed to ensure sufficient hydration of the crystals, which was needed for the formation of the M intermediate at low temperature. Samples containing a high percentage of the M intermediate were trapped by rapidly cooling the crystals with liquid nitrogen after illumination with filtered green light at 240 and 260 K, respectively. Difference Fourier projection maps are presented for the M intermediates formed at these two temperatures. The diffraction data clearly show that statistically significant structural changes occur upon formation of the M intermediate at 240 K and then further upon formation of the second specimen that is produced at 260 K.




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Copyright © 1994 by the Biophysical Society.