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Biophysical Journal 69: 922-929 (1995)
© 1995 the Biophysical Society

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The hemifusion intermediate and its conversion to complete fusion: regulation by membrane composition.

L Chernomordik, A Chanturiya, J Green and J Zimmerberg

Laboratory of Theoretical and Physical Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

ABSTRACT

To fuse, membranes must bend. The energy of each lipid monolayer with respect to bending is minimized at the spontaneous curvature of the monolayer. Two lipids known to promote opposite spontaneous curvatures, lysophosphatidylcholine and arachidonic acid, were added to different sides of planar phospholipid membranes. Lysophosphatidylcholine added to the contacting monolayers of fusing membranes inhibited the hemifusion we observed between lipid vesicles and planar membranes. In contrast, fusion pore formation depended upon the distal monolayer of the planar membrane; lysophosphatidylcholine promoted and arachidonic acid inhibited. Thus, the intermediates of hemifusion and fusion pores in phospholipid membranes involve different membrane monolayers and may have opposite net curvatures, Biological fusion may proceed through similar intermediates.




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