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Biophys J, July 1998, p. 513-520, Vol. 75, No. 1
W. M. Keck Laboratory for Biomolecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003 USA
Scanning force microscopy (SFM) was used to image intact,
nearly fully elongated lambda bacteriophage DNA molecules, fixed onto
freshly cleaved mica surfaces. Molecular elongation and fixation were
accomplished using a newly characterized fixation technique, termed
"fluid fixation." Here convective fluid flows generated within an
evaporating droplet of DNA solution efficiently elongate DNA molecules
for fixation onto suitably charged surfaces. SFM images of a very large
bacteriophage genome, G, showed the presence of double-stranded
bubbles. We speculate that these structures may contain putative
replication forks. Overall, the experiments presented here demonstrate
the viability of using fluid fixation for the preparation of DNA
molecules for SFM imaging. The combination of largely automatable
optically based techniques with the high-resolution SFM imaging
presented here will likely produce a high-throughput system for
detailed physical mapping of genomic DNA or clones.
Biophys J, July 1998, p. 513-520, Vol. 75, No. 1
© 1998 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/98/07/513/08 $2.00
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