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Biophys J, August 1998, p. 595-600, Vol. 75, No. 2

Saltatory Propagation of Ca2+ Waves by Ca2+ Sparks

Joel Keizer,* Gregory D. Smith,# Silvina Ponce-Dawson,§ and John E. Pearson

 *Institute of Theoretical Dynamics and Section on Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA;  #Mathematical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 USA;  §Departmento de Física and I. A. F. E., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, U. B. A., Cuidad Universitaria, Pabellón I, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; and  Applied Theoretical and Computational Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, XCM, MS F645, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 USA

Punctate releases of Ca2+, called Ca2+ sparks, originate at the regular array of t-tubules in cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle. During Ca2+ overload sparks serve as sites for the initiation and propagation of Ca2+ waves in myocytes. Computer simulations of spark-mediated waves are performed with model release sites that reproduce the adaptive Ca2+ release observed for the ryanodine receptor. The speed of these waves is proportional to the diffusion constant of Ca2+, D, rather than <RAD><RCD><IT>D</IT></RCD></RAD>, as is true for reaction-diffusion equations in a continuous excitable medium. A simplified "fire-diffuse-fire" model that mimics the properties of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from isolated sites is used to explain this saltatory mode of wave propagation. Saltatory and continuous wave propagation can be differentiated by the temperature and Ca2+ buffer dependence of wave speed.

Biophys J, August 1998, p. 595-600, Vol. 75, No. 2
© 1998 by the Biophysical Society   0006-3495/98/08/595/06  $2.00


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