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Biophys J, May 2000, p. 2452-2458, Vol. 78, No. 5
and
*Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica de Membranas
Lipídicas, Cátedra de Química General e
Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica,
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, and Instituto
de Fisicoquímica, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán,
Tucumán, Argentina
The water activity in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
(DMPC) decreases by 60% when the lipid is dehydrated in the presence of trehalose concentrations higher than 0.02 M. In contrast, sucrose in
concentrations 10 times higher produced only a 20% decrease in the
water activity in the sample. Titrations of a DMPC solution in
chloroform yielded 14 water molecules per lipid when pure water was
added and seven water molecules per lipid when the titration was done
with 0.025 M trehalose. The same concentrations of sucrose produced a
turbid solution, which made it impossible to quantify the number of
water molecules per lipid. Lipid monolayers spread on an air/water
interface showed a decrease from 480 mV in pure water to 425 mV in 0.1 M trehalose. However, the same concentrations of sucrose produced an
increase of less than 100 mV. Results obtained with Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) under the same conditions denoted that
trehalose binds to the carbonyl groups, while sucrose showed no
specific binding. It is concluded that per lipid molecule, 11 of 14 water molecules can be replaced by three trehalose molecules. About
four are displaced by changes in the water activity of the bulk
solution, and seven by specific interactions with the phospholipids. In
this last case, at least two of them are linked to the carbonyls, and
this appears to be the cause of the decrease in the dipole potential of
the membrane. In contrast, four sucrose molecules displace only three
water molecules per lipid, with no effect on the dipole potential or the carbonyl groups.
Biophys J, May 2000, p. 2452-2458, Vol. 78, No. 5
© 2000 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/00/05/2452/07 $2.00
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