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Biophys J, January 2001, p. 45-68, Vol. 80, No. 1
*The Randall Centre for Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Function and
MRC Muscle and Cell Motility Unit, King's College
London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
One-dimensional models are presented for the macroscopic
intracellular transport of vesicles and organelles by molecular motors on a network of aligned intracellular filaments. A motor-coated vesicle
or organelle is described as a diffusing particle binding intermittently to filaments, when it is transported at the motor velocity. Two models are treated in detail: 1) a unidirectional model,
where only one kind of motor is operative and all filaments have the
same polarity; and 2) a bidirectional model, in which filaments of both
polarities exist (for example, a randomly polarized actin network for
myosin motors) and/or particles have plus-end and minus-end motors
operating on unipolar filaments (kinesin and dynein on microtubules).
The unidirectional model provides net particle transport in the absence
of a concentration gradient. A symmetric bidirectional model, with
equal mixtures of filament polarities or plus-end and minus-end motors
of the same characteristics, provides rapid transport down a
concentration gradient and enhanced dispersion of particles from a
point source by motor-assisted diffusion. Both models are studied in
detail as a function of the diffusion constant and motor velocity of
bound particles, and their rates of binding to and detachment from
filaments. These models can form the basis of more realistic models for
particle transport in axons, melanophores, and the dendritic arms of
melanocytes, in which networks of actin filaments and microtubules
coexist and motors for both types of filament are implicated.
Biophys J, January 2001, p. 45-68, Vol. 80, No. 1
© 2001 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/01/01/45/24 $2.00
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