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Biophys J, April 2001, p. 1802-1809, Vol. 80, No. 4
The Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
The opening and closing of the pore of voltage-gated ion
channels is the basis for the nervous impulse. These conformational changes are triggered by the movement of an intrinsic voltage sensor,
the fourth transmembrane segment, S4. The central problem of how the
movement of S4 is coupled to channel opening and where S4 is located in
relation to the pore is still unsolved. Here, we estimate the position
of the extracellular end of S4 in the Shaker potassium
channel by analyzing the electrostatic effect of introduced charges in
the pore-forming motif (S5-S6). We also present a three-dimensional
model for all transmembrane segments. Knowledge of this structure is
essential for the attempts to understand how voltage opens these channels.
Biophys J, April 2001, p. 1802-1809, Vol. 80, No. 4
© 2001 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/01/04/1802/08 $2.00
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