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Biophys J, July 2001, p. 266-275, Vol. 81, No. 1
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics and Center for Structural Biology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 USA
According to the soluble
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF)-attachment
protein (SNAP) receptor hypothesis (SNARE hypothesis), interactions
between target SNAREs and vesicle SNAREs (t- and v-SNAREs) are required
for membrane fusion in intracellular vesicle transport and exocytosis.
The precise role of the SNAREs in tethering, docking, and fusion is
still disputed. Biophysical measurements of SNARE interactions in
planar supported membranes could potentially resolve some of the key
questions regarding the mechanism of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. As
a first step toward this goal, recombinant syntaxin1A/SNAP25 (t-SNARE)
was reconstituted into polymer-supported planar lipid bilayers.
Reconstituted t-SNAREs in supported bilayers bound soluble green
fluorescent protein/vesicle-associated membrane protein (v-SNARE), and
the SNARE complexes could be specifically dissociated by NSF/
-SNAP
in the presence of ATP. The physiological activities of SNARE complex
formation were thus well reproduced in this reconstituted planar model
membrane system. A large fraction (~75%) of the reconstituted
t-SNARE was laterally mobile with a lateral diffusion coefficient of
7.5 × 10
9 cm2/s in a
phosphatidylcholine lipid background. Negatively charged lipids reduced
the mobile fraction of the t-SNARE and the lipids themselves.
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate was more effective than
phosphatidylserine in reducing the lateral mobility of the complexes. A
model of how acidic lipid-SNARE interactions might alter lipid fluidity
is discussed.
Biophys J, July 2001, p. 266-275, Vol. 81, No. 1
© 2001 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/01/07/266/10 $2.00
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