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Biophys J, August 2001, p. 1029-1036, Vol. 81, No. 2
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, and Department of Biophysics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
Three-dimensional structures of only a handful of
membrane proteins have been solved, in contrast to the thousands of
structures of water-soluble proteins. Difficulties in crystallization
have inhibited the determination of the three-dimensional structure of
membrane proteins by x-ray crystallography and have spotlighted the
critical need for alternative approaches to membrane protein structure.
A new approach to the three-dimensional structure of membrane proteins
has been developed and tested on the integral membrane protein,
bacteriorhodopsin, the crystal structure of which had previously been
determined. An overlapping series of 13 peptides, spanning the entire
sequence of bacteriorhodopsin, was synthesized, and the structures of
these peptides were determined by NMR in dimethylsulfoxide solution.
These structures were assembled into a three-dimensional construct by
superimposing the overlapping sequences at the ends of each peptide.
Onto this construct were written all the distance and angle constraints
obtained from the individual solution structures along with a limited
number of experimental inter-helical distance constraints, and the
construct was subjected to simulated annealing. A three-dimensional
structure, determined exclusively by the experimental constraints,
emerged that was similar to the crystal structure of this protein. This result suggests an alternative approach to the acquisition of structural information for membrane proteins consisting of helical bundles.
Biophys J, August 2001, p. 1029-1036, Vol. 81, No. 2
© 2001 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/01/08/1029/08 $2.00
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