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Biophys J, November 2001, p. 2729-2736, Vol. 81, No. 5

Cholesterol Monohydrate Nucleation in Ultrathin Films on Water

Hanna Rapaport,* Ivan Kuzmenko,* Sylvaine Lafont,* Kristian Kjaer,dagger Paul B. Howes,dagger Jens Als-Nielsen,Dagger Meir Lahav,* and Leslie Leiserowitz*

 *Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;  dagger Materials Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; and  Dagger Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Øersted Laboratory, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

The growth of a cholesterol crystalline phase, three molecular layers thick at the air-water interface, was monitored by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and x-ray reflectivity. Upon compression, a cholesterol film transforms from a monolayer of trigonal symmetry and low crystallinity to a trilayer, composed of a highly crystalline bilayer in a rectangular lattice and a disordered top cholesterol layer. This system undergoes a phase transition into a crystalline trilayer incorporating ordered water between the hydroxyl groups of the top and middle sterol layers in an arrangement akin to the triclinic 3-D crystal structure of cholesterol · H2O. By comparison, the cholesterol derivative stigmasterol transforms, upon compression, directly into a crystalline trilayer in the rectangular lattice. These results may contribute to an understanding of the onset of cholesterol crystallization in pathological lipid deposits.

Biophys J, November 2001, p. 2729-2736, Vol. 81, No. 5
© 2001 by the Biophysical Society   0006-3495/01/11/2729/08  $2.00


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