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Biophys J, March 2002, p. 1386-1395, Vol. 82, No. 3
*Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
77251 USA; and Bobby R. Alford Department of
Otorhinolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 USA
Optical tweezers were used to characterize the mechanical
properties of the outer hair cell (OHC) plasma membrane by pulling tethers with 4.5-µm polystyrene beads. Tether formation force and
tether force were measured in static and dynamic conditions. A greater
force was required for tether formations from OHC lateral wall
(499 ± 152 pN) than from OHC basal end (142 ± 49 pN). The difference in the force required to pull tethers is consistent with an
extensive cytoskeletal framework associated with the lateral wall known
as the cortical lattice. The apparent plasma membrane stiffness,
estimated under the static conditions by measuring tether force at
different tether length, was 3.71 pN/µm for OHC lateral wall and 4.57 pN/µm for OHC basal end. The effective membrane viscosity was
measured by pulling tethers at different rates while continuously
recording the tether force, and estimated in the range of 2.39 to 5.25 pN·s/µm. The viscous force most likely results from the
viscous interactions between plasma membrane lipids and the OHC
cortical lattice and/or integral membrane proteins. The information
these studies provide on the mechanical properties of the OHC lateral
wall is important for understanding the mechanism of OHC electromotility.
Biophys J, March 2002, p. 1386-1395, Vol. 82, No. 3
© 2002 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/02/03/1386/10 $2.00
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