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Biophys J, July 2002, p. 112-124, Vol. 83, No. 1


and
*Department of Biophysical Chemistry and
Department of Biochemistry, University of
Groningen, and
Biomade Technology Foundation,
Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
Hydrophobins are fungal proteins that self-assemble at
hydrophilic/hydrophobic interfaces into amphipathic membranes. These assemblages are extremely stable and posses the remarkable ability to
invert the polarity of the surface on which they are adsorbed. Neither
the three-dimensional structure of a hydrophobin nor the mechanism by
which they function is known. Nevertheless, there are experimental
indications that the self-assembled form of the hydrophobins SC3 and
EAS at a water/air interface is rich with
-sheet secondary
structure. In this paper we report results from molecular dynamics
simulations, showing that fully extended SC3 undergoes fast (~100 ns)
folding at a water/hexane interface to an elongated planar structure
with extensive
-sheet secondary elements. Simulations in each of the
bulk solvents result in a mainly unstructured globular protein. The
dramatic enhancement in secondary structure, whether kinetic or
thermodynamic in origin, highlights the role interfaces between phases
with large differences in polarity can have on folding. The
partitioning of the residue side-chains to one of the two phases can
serve as a strong driving force to initiate secondary structure
formation. The interactions of the side-chains with the environment at
an interface can also stabilize configurations that otherwise would not
occur in a homogenous solution.
Biophys J, July 2002, p. 112-124, Vol. 83, No. 1
© 2002 by the Biophysical Society 0006-3495/02/07/112/13 $2.00
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