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Biophysical Journal 84:2366-2372 (2003)
© 2003 The Biophysical Society

Dynamics of DNA Molecules in a Membrane Channel Probed by Active Control Techniques

Mark Bates, Michael Burns and Amit Meller

The Rowland Institute at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Dr. Amit Meller, E-mail: meller{at}rowland.harvard.edu.

The dynamics of single-stranded DNA in an {alpha}-Hemolysin protein pore was studied at the single-molecule level. The escape time for DNA molecules initially drawn into the pore was measured in the absence of an externally applied electric field. These measurements revealed two well-separated timescales, one of which is surprisingly long (on the order of milliseconds). We characterized the long timescale as being associated with the binding and unbinding of DNA from the pore. We have also found that a transmembrane potential as small as 20 mV strongly biased the escape of DNA from the pore. These experiments have been made possible due to the development of a feedback control system, allowing the rapid modulation of the applied force on individual DNA molecules while inside the pore.




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