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Structural Transients of Contractile Proteins upon Sudden ATP Liberation in Skeletal Muscle Fibers

Jun'ichi Wakayama ^*, Takumi Tamura , Naoto Yagi ^* and Hiroyuki Iwamoto ^*

^* Life and Environment Division, SPring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan; and Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Harima Institute, SPring-8, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Dr. Hiroyuki Iwamoto, Life and Environment Division, SPring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Mikazuki-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198 Japan. Tel.: 81-791-58-2507; Fax: 81-791-58-0830; E-mail: iwamoto{at}spring8.or.jp.

Structural changes of contractile proteins were examined by millisecond time-resolved two-dimensional x-ray diffraction recordings during relaxation of skinned skeletal muscle fibers from rigor after caged ATP photolysis. It is known that the initial dissociation of the rigor actomyosin complex is followed by a period of transient active contraction, which is markedly prolonged in the presence of ADP by a mechanism yet to be clarified. Both single-headed (overstretched muscle fibers with exogenous myosin subfragment-1) and two-headed (fibers with full filament overlap) preparations were used. Analyses of various actin-based layer line reflections from both specimens showed the following: 1), The dissociation of the rigor actomyosin complex was fast and only modestly decelerated by ADP and occurred in a single exponential manner without passing through any detectable transitory state. Its ADP sensitivity was greater in the two-headed preparation but fell short of explaining the large ADP effect on the transient active contraction. 2), The decay of the activated state of the thin filament followed the time course of tension more closely in an ADP-dependent manner. These results suggest that the interplay between the reattached active myosin heads and the thin filament is responsible for the prolonged active contraction in the presence of ADP.

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