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Originally published as Biophys J. BioFAST on March 31, 2006.
doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.080291
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Biophysical Journal 90:4686-4691 (2006)
© 2006 The Biophysical Society

Strength of Multiple Parallel Biological Bonds

Todd Sulchek, Raymond W. Friddle and Aleksandr Noy

Physical Biosciences Institute, Chemistry and Materials Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Aleksandr Noy, E-mail: noy1{at}llnl.gov.

Multivalent interactions play a critical role in a variety of biological processes on both molecular and cellular levels. We have used molecular force spectroscopy to investigate the strength of multiple parallel peptide-antibody bonds using a system that allowed us to determine the rupture forces and the number of ruptured bonds independently. In our experiments the interacting molecules were attached to the surfaces of the probe and sample of the atomic force microscope with flexible polymer tethers, and the unique mechanical signatures of the tethers determined the number of ruptured bonds. We show that the rupture forces increase with the number of interacting molecules and that the measured forces obey the predictions of a Markovian model for the strength of multiple parallel bonds. We also discuss the implications of our results to the interpretation of force spectroscopy measurements in multiple bond systems.




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