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Originally published as Biophys J. BioFAST on October 20, 2006.
doi:10.1529/biophysj.106.098657
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Biophysical Journal 92:L13-L16 (2007)
© 2007 The Biophysical Society

pH-dependent Formation of Membranous Cytoplasmic Body-Like Structure of Ganglioside GM1/Bis(Monoacylglycero)Phosphate Mixed Membranes

Tomohiro Hayakawa *, Asami Makino {dagger}, Motohide Murate {dagger}, Ichiro Sugimoto {dagger}, Yasuhiro Hashimoto {dagger}, Hiroshi Takahashi {dagger} {ddagger}, Kazuki Ito §, Tetsuro Fujisawa §, Hirotami Matsuo ¶ and Toshihide Kobayashi * {dagger} ||

* Lipid Biology Laboratory and {dagger} Supra-Biomolecular System Research Group, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan; {ddagger} Department of Physics, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan; § RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, Japan; School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, Okayama, Japan; and || INSERM U585, INSA-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France

Correspondence: Address reprint requests and inquiries to Toshihide Kobayashi, Tel.: 81-48-467-9612; Fax: 81-48-467-8693; E-mail: kobayasi{at}riken.jp.

Membrane structures of the mixtures of ganglioside GM1 and endosome specific lipid, bis (monoacylglycero) phosphate (BMP, also known as lysobisphosphatidic acid) were examined at various pH conditions by freeze-fracture electron microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. At pH 8.5–6.5, a GM1/BMP (1:1 mol/mol) mixture formed small vesicular aggregates, whereas the mixture formed closely packed lamellar structures under acidic conditions (pH 5.5, 4.6) with the lamellar repeat distance of 8.06 nm. Since BMP alone exhibits a diffuse lamellar structure at a broad range of pH values and GM1 forms a micelle, the results indicate that both GM1 and BMP are required to produce closely stacked multilamellar vesicles. These vesicles resemble membranous cytoplasmic bodies in cells derived from patients suffering from GM1 gangliosidosis. Similar to GM1 gangliosidosis, cholesterol was trapped in BMP vesicles in GM1- and in a low pH-dependent manner. Studies employing different gangliosides and a GM1 analog suggest the importance of sugar chains and a sialic acid of GM1 in the pH-dependent structural change of GM1/BMP membranes.






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Copyright © 2007 by the Biophysical Society.