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Contributions of Gaussian Curvature and Nonconstant Lipid Volume to Protein Deformation of Lipid Bilayers

Grace Brannigan ^* and Frank L. H. Brown 

^* Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Frank L. H. Brown, E-mail: flbrown{at}chem.ucsb.edu.

An elastic model for membrane deformations induced by integral membrane proteins is presented. An earlier theory is extended to account for nonvanishing saddle splay modulus within lipid monolayers and perturbations to lipid volume proximal to the protein. Analytical results are derived for the deformation profile surrounding a single cylindrical protein inclusion, which compare favorably to coarse-grained simulations over a range of protein sizes. Numerical results for multi-protein systems indicate that membrane-mediated interactions between inclusions are strongly affected by Gaussian curvature and display nonpairwise additivity. Implications for the aggregation of proteins are discussed.

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