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Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Guanine, Guanosine, and Guanosine Monophosphate

Hong Xie ^* , Daiwen Yang , Adam Heller  and Zhiqiang Gao ^* 

^* Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore 138669; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 USA; and Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore 117685

Correspondence: Address reprint requests and inquiries to Zhiqiang Gao, Tel.: 65-67705928; Fax: 65-67780136; Email: gaozq{at}ime.a-star.edu.sg.

The electrochemical behavior of guanine, guanosine, and guanosine monophosphate (GMP) at redox polymer film modified indium tin oxide electrodes is examined by voltammetry and redox titration. Utilizing the redox polymer-coated electrodes as indicator electrodes, a new method for measuring the oxidation potentials, based on monitoring their catalytic oxidation by different redox polymer coated electrodes at different pH, was proposed in this work. The oxidation potentials of 0.81 V and 1.02 V versus normal hydrogen electrode were determined for guanine and guanosine/GMP under physiological conditions, the lowest oxidation potentials ever reported, to our knowledge.