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Time and Length Scales of Autocrine Signals in Three Dimensions

Mathieu Coppey ^*, Alexander M. Berezhkovskii , Stuart C. Sealfon  and Stanislav Y. Shvartsman ^*

^* Department of Chemical Engineering and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey; Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Division of Computational Bioscience, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Systems Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York

Correspondence: Address reprint requests to Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, E-mail: stas{at}princeton.edu.

A model of autocrine signaling in cultures of suspended cells is developed on the basis of the effective medium approximation. The fraction of autocrine ligands, the mean and distribution of distances traveled by paracrine ligands before binding, as well as the mean and distribution of the ligand lifetime are derived. Interferon signaling by dendritic immune cells is considered as an illustration.