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Biophys. J. BioFAST: First Published February 10, 2006. doi:10.1529/biophysj.105.077453
© 2006 by the Biophysical Society.

A more recent version of this article appeared on May 1, 2006.
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MUSCLE AND CONTRACTILITY

Catch force links and the low to high force transition of myosin

Thomas M. Butler 1*, Susan U. Mooers 1 and Marion J. Siegman 1

1 Jefferson Medical College

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: thomas.butler{at}jefferson.edu.

Submitted on November 8, 2005
Revised on January 9, 2006
Accepted on 25 January 2006


  Abstract
Catch is characterized by maintenance of force with very low energy utilization in some invertebrate muscles. Catch is regulated by phosphorylation of the mini-titin, twitchin, and a catch component of force exists at all [Ca2+] except those resulting in maximum force. The mechanism responsible for catch force was characterized by determining how the effects of agents that inhibit the low to high force transition of the myosin cross-bridge (inorganic phosphate, butanedione monoxime, trifluoperazine and blebbistatin) are modified by twitchin phosphorylation and [Ca2+]. In permeabilized anterior byssus retractor muscles from Mytilus edulis catch force was identified as being sensitive to twitchin phosphorylation, whereas non-catch force was insensitive. In all cases, inhibition of the low to high force transition caused an increase in catch force. The same relationship exists between catch force and non-catch force whether force is varied by changes in [Ca2+] and/or agents that inhibit cross-bridge force production. This suggests that myosin in the high force state detaches catch force-maintaining structures, whereas myosin in the low force state promotes their formation. It is unlikely that the catch structure is the myosin cross-bridge; rather, it appears that myosin interacts with the structure, most likely twitchin, and regulates its attachment and detachment.

Key Words: catch, myosin, phosphorylation, smooth muscle, twitchin




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Copyright © 2006 by the Biophysical Society.