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Biophys. J. BioFAST: First Published November 8, 2004. doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.047001
© 2004 by the Biophysical Society.

A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2005.
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CELL BIOPHYSICS

Mechanics of transient platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor under flow

Nipa A. Mody 1, Oleg Lomakin 1, Teresa A. Doggett 2, Thomas G. Diacovo 2 and Michael R. King 1*

1 University of Rochester
2 Washington University School of Medicine

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mike_king{at}urmc.rochester.edu.

Submitted on June 2, 2004
Revised on July 27, 2004
Accepted on 1 November 2004


  Abstract
A primary and critical step in platelet attachment to injured vascular endothelium is the formation of reversible tether bonds between the platelet glycoprotein receptor Ib{alpha} and the A1 domain of surface-bound von Willebrand factor (vWF). Due to the platelet's unique ellipsoidal shape, the force mechanics involved in its tether bond formation differs significantly from that of leukocytes and other spherical cells. We have investigated the mechanics of platelet tethering to surface-immobilized vWF-A1 under hydrodynamic shear flow. A computer algorithm was used to analyze digitized images recorded during flow-chamber experiments and track the microscale motions of platelets before, during and after contact with the surface. An analytical 2-D model was developed to calculate the motion of a tethered platelet on a reactive surface in linear shear flow. Through comparison of the theoretical solution with experimental observations, we show that attachment of platelets occurs only in orientations that are predicted to result in compression along the length of the platelet and therefore on the bond being formed. These results suggest that hydrodynamic compressive forces may play an important role in initiating tether bond formation.

Key Words: Stokes flow, cell adhesion, hydrodynamics, platelet, von Willebrand factor




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Copyright © 2004 by the Biophysical Society.