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Biophys. J. BioFAST: First Published November 10, 2006. doi:10.1529/biophysj.106.086256
© 2006 by the Biophysical Society.

A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2007.
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CELL BIOPHYSICS

Double Tether Extraction from Human Umbilical Vein and Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Gaurav Girdhar 1, Yong Chen 1 and Jin-Yu Shao 2*

1 Washington University in St. Louis
2 Washington University in Saint Louis

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: shao{at}biomed.wustl.edu.

Submitted on March 30, 2006
Revised on May 29, 2006
Accepted on 11 October 2006


  Abstract
Multiple tethers are very likely extracted when leukocytes roll on the endothelium under high shear stress. Endothelial cells have been predicted to contribute more significantly to simultaneous tethers and thus to the overall rolling stabilization. We therefore extracted and quantified double tethers from endothelial cells with the micropipette aspiration technique. We show that the constitutive parameters (threshold force or F0; effective viscosity or {eta}eff) for double tether extraction are twice compared to those for single tether extraction and are remarkably similar for human dermal neonatal (F0 = 105 ± 5 pN; {eta}eff = 1.0 ± 0.1 pN•s/µm) and adult (F0 = 118 ± 13 pN; {eta}eff = 1.3 ± 0.2 pN•s/µm) microvascular, and human umbilical vein (F0 = 99 ± 3 pN; {eta}eff = 1.0 ± 0.1 pN•s/µm) endothelial cells. Additionally, these parameters are also independent of surface receptor type, cytokine stimulation and attachment state of the endothelial cell. We also introduce a novel correlation between the cell-substrate contact stress and gap width, with which we can predict the apparent cell-substrate separation range to be 0.01-0.1 µm during leukocyte rolling. With a biomechanical model of leukocyte rolling, we calculate the force history on the receptor-ligand bond during tether extraction and predict maximum stabilization for the double simultaneous tether extraction case.

Key Words: bond force, cell adhesion, cell mechanics, cell membrane, leukocyte rolling, micropipette




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G. Girdhar and J.-Y. Shao
Simultaneous Tether Extraction from Endothelial Cells and Leukocytes: Observation, Mechanics, and Significance
Biophys. J., December 1, 2007; 93(11): 4041 - 4052.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 2006 by the Biophysical Society.